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Leukemia cells evade BTK inhibitors by switching to the TLR9 pathway

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A study published in Blood shows how some chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells survive treatment with BTK inhibitors. Once the BCR pathway is blocked, a subset of CLL cells can switch to the TLR9 signaling pathway to stay alive. Simon Mitchell of the University of Sussex combined a mathematical model with experiments on patient cells, directly testing and supporting the BCR signaling model of CLL. The finding helps explain why about 20% to 30% of relapsed patients have no detectable mutations to account for resistance. What remains open is how clinically to target this pathway-switching escape route and which patients are most likely to use it.

Written by a model from the reports · updated 2 hours ago

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Oct 23
  1. medicalxpress.comPick
    Researchers show how leukemia cells 'hide' from treatment

    A study in Blood shows that after the BCR pathway is blocked by BTK inhibitors, some CLL cells can switch to the TLR9 pathway to survive. Simon Mitchell of the University of Sussex combined his mathematical model with experiments on patient cells, directly testing and supporting the BCR signaling model of CLL. The paper states that about 20% to 30% of relapsed patients have no detectable mutations to explain resistance. DOI: 10.1182/blood.2025032914.

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