How Innate Pattern Recognition Provides the Second Signal for Adaptive Immunity
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A lecture revisits the mechanism by which innate immunity licenses adaptive immune responses. Charles Janeway proposed that pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells detect conserved pathogen structures such as LPS and peptidoglycan, delivering the co-stimulatory second signal required to activate adaptive immunity. Ruslan Medzhitov, who joined Janeway's lab in 1994 after reading his paper, cloned the first Toll-like receptor in 1996 using EST data and bioinformatic comparison of the IL-1 receptor and Toll intracellular domains; the receptor later became known as TLR4, the LPS receptor complexed with MD2. The talk also explains how dendritic cells present peptide via MHC as signal one while pattern recognition induces CD80/CD86 co-stimulation and cytokines such as IL-12, and draws evolutionary parallels between Drosophila Toll and mammalian TLR pathways.
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- youtube.comHow Pattern Recognition Receptors Provide Signal Two for Adaptive Immunity
The lecture traces how Charles Janeway proposed that pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells detect conserved pathogen structures such as LPS and peptidoglycan, supplying the co-stimulatory second signal needed to activate adaptive immunity. Ruslan Medzhitov joined Janeway's lab in 1994 after reading his paper and cloned the first Toll-like receptor in 1996 using EST data and bioinformatic comparison of IL-1R and Toll intracellular domains; it later became known as TLR4, the LPS receptor complexed with MD2. The talk also covers how dendritic cells present peptide via MHC as signal one while pattern recognition induces CD80/CD86 co-stimulation and cytokines such as IL-12, and draws evolutionary parallels between Drosophila Toll and mammalian TLR pathways.
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